Aigul CPA & Associates

Lifetime Learning Credit Did You Know? The IRS Lifetime Learning Credit (LLC) can offer substantial tax savings for students or their parents, especially for students who have previously completed four years of higher education. If you paid tuition and school fees in 2020 for yourself, your spouse or a dependent, you may be able to claim an LLC of up to $2,000 on your 2020 tax return. Generally, you may only claim the credit for one member of your household per year. Studen...ts currently taking post-secondary education classes at eligible higher learning institutions may qualify for this credit by meeting BOTH of the following criteria: - They are or were enrolled in higher (post-secondary) education classes for at least one 2020 academic period. An academic period can be a semester, quarter, trimester, summer session, or any other coursework session defined by the school. - The student is taking these higher education classes in pursuit of a degree or other recognized certification, or to acquire or improve job skills. In addition, the taxpayer claiming the credit (usually the student or the student's parent or guardian) must meet the program's income restrictions. Taxpayers with a modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) of $58,000 or less ($116,000 or less for joint filers) generally qualify to claim the full credit. Taxpayers with a MAGI between $58,000 and $68,000 ($116,000 and $136,000 for joint filers) may receive a reduced credit; those with higher incomes cannot claim the LLC. Although the LLC may only be claimed once per tax return, there is no limit to how many times students can qualify for the credit during their lifetimes. Before claiming the LLC for a student in your household, however, check whether the student qualifies for the American Opportunity Tax Credit (AOTC). The AOTC has higher income limits and a higher maximum credit amount ($2,500). In addition, unlike the LLC, the AOTC may be partially refundable if your tax is reduced to less than zero. For students who do not qualify for either the AOTC or LLC, it may still be possible to claim an above-the-line income deduction for tuition and fees. A professional tax advisor can help you determine your eligibility for these valuable education tax credits and deductions.

IRS Extends Deadline to Register for Stimulus Payments Did You Know? The IRS has extended the deadline for some Americans to register to receive their 2020 coronavirus Economic Impact Payments (EIPs, also called stimulus payments). The new deadline of midnight on November 21, 2020 primarily applies to those who are not required to file federal income tax returns, and also have not yet registered for or received their EIPs. Those who meet these criteria are urged to use the ...IRS online non-filers registration tool (link below) to submit their information and receive their EIPs as soon as possible. Choosing the direct deposit option will speed up the payment process. Generally, those who do not provide banking information for direct deposit will receive their stimulus payments by check. Note that for most people who are required to file a 2019 tax return but requested an extension, the deadline to file remains October 15. Federal return filers who qualify for EIPs generally receive their payments automatically; no separate registration is required. Beginning two weeks after they register to receive a payment, those who qualify for EIPs can track the status of their payments by using the online Get My Payment tool (link below). IRS EIP Registration Tool for Non-Filers: https://www.irs.gov/coro/non-filers-enter-payment-info-here IRS Get My Payment EIP Tracking Tool: https://www.irs.gov/coronavirus/get-my-payment

Extensions and FBAR Deadline - Did You Know? For taxpayers who requested extensions to file various 2019 returns, the filing due date for those returns is October 15, 2020. This deadline applies to multiple filings that were originally due on April 15, 2020. (For most of these forms, the filing due date without an extension was subsequently changed to July 15, 2020 by the IRS due to the COVID-19 pandemic.) The October 15 deadline to file under an extension applies to several ...common returns, including: 2019 INDIVIDUAL INCOME TAXES: Most individual taxpayers who requested an automatic extension to file their 2019 federal tax returns must file by October 15. However, additional extensions may be available to some taxpayers affected by recent disasters, including hurricanes and western wildfires. 2019 CORPORATE INCOME TAXES: The October 15 deadline also applies to C corporations that requested an extension to file their 2019 corporate income tax returns (Form 1120). FOREIGN BANK ACCOUNT REPORT (FBAR): Many U.S. taxpayers, including individuals and businesses, must file an annual report of their foreign bank and other financial accounts, called an FBAR. Typically, filing an FBAR is necessary if the total value of a taxpayer's foreign accounts exceeds $10,000 at any time during the calendar year. However, certain accounts, such as those held within a qualified IRA or other retirement plan, may not need to be reported. Most taxpayers who are required to file a 2019 FBAR and have not yet done so must file by October 15. Remember that in general, an extension to file tax returns is NOT an extension to pay any tax due. Therefore, those who have not yet filed but expect to owe 2019 tax should estimate the amount they owe and pay that amount as soon as possible, even if they will not file their returns until October 15. Immediate payment will minimize any interest charges and late payment penalties. A tax professional can help you determine how much to pay and/or if an FBAR is required.

AOTC Tuition Credit Offers Tax Savings for Students or Parents Did You Know? If you, your spouse or any of your dependents are currently enrolled in a higher education program, or were enrolled for a previous academic period in 2020, you may qualify for the American Opportunity Tax Credit (AOTC). The AOTC program allows eligible taxpayers to claim a credit for tuition costs and certain school fees. To qualify for the credit, a student must be taking post-secondary classes ...at an eligible higher learning institution, in pursuit of a degree or other recognized certification or credential. In addition, students must meet ALL of the following eligibility requirements: - They are or were enrolled at least half time for at least one academic period (as defined by the school) in 2020. - They had not completed their first four years of higher education as of January 1, 2020. - Neither the AOTC nor its predecessor, the Hope credit, has been claimed more than four times total for the student, including the current year. - The student and the person claiming the credit (if different from the student) must have a valid taxpayer identification number (TIN) before the due date for the tax return. Additional eligibility criteria may apply to both the student and the educational institution. To claim the full credit, taxpayers must have a modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) of $80,000 or less for individuals, or $160,000 or less for couples filing jointly. A reduced credit may be available for individual taxpayers with a MAGI between $80,000 and $90,000 (between $160,000 and $180,000 for joint filers). Those with higher incomes may not claim the credit. The maximum allowed credit per eligible student is $2,500, up to $1,000 of which may be refundable. You may claim the credit for multiple students in your household if they all meet the eligibility standards. For students who do not qualify, you may still be able to claim either the Lifetime Learning Credit or an above-the-line income deduction for tuition and fees. A tax professional can help you determine which credits and/or deductions provide the greatest tax benefit for you.

Educator Expense Deduction Did You Know? If you are a teacher, principal, counselor, or classroom aide who works at least 900 hours a year in a state-accredited school (grades K-12), you may qualify for the Educator Expense Deduction. This IRS rule allows you to deduct up to $250 on your tax forms ($500 for joint filers who are both educators, but not more than $250 each) for classroom supplies that you purchase at your own expense. Allowed expenses include traditional sch...ool supplies like rulers and markers, computer equipment and software, along with specialty items like athletic gear for physical education classes. A qualified tax advisor can help you determine which of your expenses qualify for the deduction. You may not have to itemize deductions in order to claim the Educator Expense Deduction, but the IRS does require that you have written evidence for every expense. During this hectic back-to-school period when classroom expenses are most likely to occur, it is important to remember to save your receipts.

Unemployment Benefits Are Taxable Income Did You Know? Due to the economic impact of the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic, individuals may have had to file for Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefits for the first time. These benefits include the federal Pandemic Unemployment Assistance (PUA) program created under the CARES Act, which provides an additional $600 per week to many UI benefits recipients. For individuals receiving UI payments in 2020, it is important to understand... the tax treatment of those benefits. Both state and federal unemployment benefits payments are generally taxed as ordinary income by the IRS. As is the case with most regular income sources, recipients of these benefits are required to make tax payments throughout the year. One way that taxpayers can meet this requirement is to request that tax be withheld from their UI payments, which can be done in most states by filing Form W-4V with the state's unemployment benefits office. If no tax is withheld from their UI payments, taxpayers may need to make quarterly estimated tax payments in order to avoid a large tax bill next spring, which could include penalties and interest charges. A tax professional can help UI payment recipients determine whether estimated payments are needed, and how much to pay. The estimated tax payment deadline for the first two quarters of 2020 was July 15, but if an individual missed that deadline, penalties can still be minimized by making a payment as soon as possible. Even if tax is withheld from UI payments, the amount withheld may be incorrect if a person's benefit amount differs from their salary while working. To avoid an unpleasant tax surprise next spring, taxpayers can use the IRS Withholding Estimator tool (link below) to calculate the appropriate withholding amount, and file an updated Form W-4V to request additional withholding if necessary. UI benefits recipients should also do a second checkup with the Withholding Estimator after returning to work, to ensure that their paycheck withholding is accurate going forward. IRS Withholding Estimator tool: https://www.irs.gov/individuals/tax-withholding-estimator

Quarterly Estimated Tax Payments - Reminder If you are making quarterly estimated tax payments to the IRS, the due date for the June 1 - August 31 quarter of the year is September 15. For payments made using IRS Direct Pay, you can make payments until 8PM EST, and for payments using a credit or debit card, payments can be made up to midnight on the due date.... If the due date for making an estimated tax payment falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, the payment will be considered on time if you make it on the next day that's not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday.

2019 Refund Interest Payments - Did You Know? Over 13 million taxpayers who have received or will receive federal income tax refunds for 2019 will also receive an interest payment from the IRS. The 2019 filing and payment deadline change from April 15 to July 15, 2020 due to COVID-19 (coronavirus) was classified as a disaster-related postponement. Therefore, the federal tax code requires the IRS to pay interest starting from April 15 on refunds issued to taxpayers who filed t...heir 2019 returns by July 15. These interest payments will average about $18, and will usually be issued separately from tax refunds. If you provided the IRS with banking information and received your refund by direct deposit, any interest payment you are owed will most likely be automatically deposited to the same account. However, some taxpayers will receive a check in the mail, which can be identified as a refund interest payment by the notation "INT Amount" on the official U.S. Treasury check. Unlike IRS tax refunds themselves, these interest payments are generally taxable and must be reported on the recipient's 2020 federal tax return. Anyone who receives an interest payment of $10 or more will receive Form 1099-INT from the IRS in January. Only individual taxpayers and joint filers are eligible to receive these interest payments, not businesses. Note also that the IRS is not required to pay interest on refunds that were issued before the original April 15 filing deadline.

RMD Repayment or Rollover Deadline - Did You Know? The deadline to return or rollover a Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) for IRA owners, beneficiaries or workplace retirement plan participants is coming up on Monday, August 31. The CARES Act allows most taxpayers with an eligible retirement account, such as a 401(k), 403(b) or traditional IRA, to skip their required minimum distributions (RMDs) for 2020 without penalty. Individuals who received the RMD, including those who... turned 70 in 2019, have the option to return the distribution to their account or other qualified plan. They may also have the option of rolling over to another IRA or qualified retirement plan by August 31, 2020 to avoid taxes on the RMD. Please note that the suspension of the RMD does not apply to qualified defined benefit plans. A tax and financial professional can help you determine the best strategy for handling your 2020 retirement account RMDs.

Charitable Cash Contribution Limits for 2020 Did You Know? As part of the U.S. Treasury's ongoing COVID-19 (coronavirus) relief programs for taxpayers, the IRS has made temporary changes to the rules for deducting charitable contributions on federal tax returns. Normally, taxpayers who itemize deductions on Schedule A can deduct cash charitable contributions up to a specified limit, usually 60% of their adjusted gross income (AGI). For 2020, however, qualified contributions... may be deducted up to 100% of the taxpayer's AGI. (For corporations, the 2020 deduction limit is 25% of taxable income.) Furthermore, qualified contributions above this raised limit may be carried over as a deduction for the next tax year. To qualify for this limit suspension, a contribution must satisfy ALL of these requirements: - It is a cash contribution (that is, a direct contribution of money, not other property) - It is made to a qualifying charitable organization - It is made during calendar year 2020. Note that non-cash property contributions made in 2020 do not qualify for this limit suspension. However, these contributions may still be deducted up to the normal limits (typically 50% of AGI minus the amount of any deducted cash contributions). A tax professional can help you determine if any of your 2020 charitable contributions qualify for the deduction limit suspension, and how to claim your full deduction if so. The IRS also has a tool available for checking exempt organizations: https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-prof/search-for-charities.

New Tax Scams and Identity Theft Warnings Did You Know? The IRS recently posted warnings about new and ongoing tax scams, along with other fraudulent activity related to the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic. The most prevalent and dangerous scams involve identity theft, deceptive advertising, and attempts to cheat taxpayers out of their refunds or economic impact payments (EIPs, also called stimulus payments). - STEALING REFUNDS OR EIPS THROUGH IDENTITY THEFT: Some criminals... steal a taxpayer's Social Security number (SSN), and then file bogus forms with the IRS in order to receive tax refunds or other payments that rightly belong to the taxpayer. - FAKE CHARITIES: Currently, a number of fraudulent charities with names very similar to legitimate organizations are calling taxpayers, claiming that they are collecting funds to help pandemic victims. Actual charities will provide their Employer Identification Numbers (EINs) upon request, so you can look them up and verify that the callers are who they say they are. Most real charities also offer secure online contribution portals. - OFFER-IN-COMPROMISE (OIC) MILLS: You may have heard ads for agencies that can settle people's IRS debts for "pennies on the dollar." Some of these companies charge high fees to submit an OIC application to the IRS on a taxpayer's behalf. Only about one in three OIC proposals are accepted by the IRS, but the companies do not refund fees for rejected applications. If you need help applying, work only with a reputable tax professional. - FAKE PAYMENTS & REFUNDS WITH REPAYMENT DEMANDS: In this very complex scam, identity thieves first obtain a taxpayer's SSN and bank account information, then file a fake IRS return and have the refund deposited into the taxpayer's bank account. A scammer then calls the refund recipient and impersonates an IRS agent, claiming that the refund was issued by mistake and must be returned to the IRS. Often, these scammers demand the "repayment" in the form of gift cards. If you receive a mysterious payment from the IRS, especially if you then receive a phone call demanding repayment, contact your bank and the IRS immediately to report the potential scam. Above all, remember to never share your SSN or any other personal information with anyone unless you are 100% sure who they are and why they need it. If in doubt, hang up or delete the email or text message, then contact the IRS directly to inquire about the issue.

Filing Extensions and Minimizing Penalties Did You Know? Taxpayers who requested an automatic extension to file their 2019 federal income tax returns may file anytime up until October 15, 2020. Remember, however, that an automatic IRS extension is only an extension to file tax returns, NOT an extension to pay any tax owed. Taxes not paid by the July 15, 2020 payment deadline may be subject to late penalties and interest charges. Therefore, taxpayers who have not yet sent an... IRS payment that was due on July 15, including 2019 income tax and first- and second-quarter estimated tax payments for 2020, should submit a payment to the IRS as soon as possible to minimize penalties. Electronic payments may be made using the IRS online payment portal (link below). The IRS urges those who cannot pay what they owe at this time to pay whatever amount they can, and then apply for an installment plan to pay off the remaining balance. Those who did not file a 2019 federal return or automatic extension request by July 15 may face a Failure to File penalty in addition to late fees and interest. It is therefore especially important for these taxpayers to take action as soon as possible. A tax professional can help anyone trying to meet federal tax filing and payment requirements to submit the appropriate forms and applications to the IRS, and start getting back on track. IRS Online Payment Portal: https://www.irs.gov/payments

IRS Installment Payments after July 15 - Did You Know As part of the federal government's COVID-19 (coronavirus) relief programs, the U.S. Treasury allowed many taxpayers with an IRS installment payment agreement, or a pending or accepted Offer-in-Compromise (OIC), to suspend payments between April 1 and July 15, 2020. The IRS recently confirmed that to avoid penalties, affected taxpayers must resume making required payments by their first due date on or after July 15, or con...tact the IRS if they cannot do so. The IRS guidance includes the following key points: - If you currently have an installment agreement with the IRS and had your bank stop making automatic payments due to the pandemic, you should tell your bank to restart these payments by your first payment due date after July 15. If you are unable to make your payments due to coronavirus-related hardships, you may call the phone number on your IRS notice to discuss options. You may also avoid long phone wait times by submitting an online application (see link below) to revise your agreement. - If you have a pending OIC and suspended your payments, simply resume making scheduled payments by July 15. If your offer is accepted, the IRS will update the agreement to allow you to make any missed payments at the end of the offer period. - If you suspended payments on a previously approved OIC, the IRS requires that you not only resume making payments on July 15, but also make up any skipped payments by that due date. If you are unable to make up your missed payments at this time, call the phone number on your IRS notice to discuss your options. - If your IRS tax debt was referred to a private collection agency before April 1, 2020 but you suspended payments between April 1 and July 15, you will need to restart payments to the collection agency. You should also contact your collection agency representative to find out if it is appropriate to update or restructure your payment agreement based on your current circumstances. Remember also that although the IRS did not impose penalties for skipped payments during the April 1 - July 15 grace period, interest charges may still have accrued on the tax debt. Most importantly, if you are unable to make any required federal tax payment, contact the IRS as soon as possible to discuss your situation. When dealing with the IRS, it is always best to be proactive. Apply for or revise an installment payment agreement: https://www.irs.gov/pa/online-payment-agreement-application